Depression in the elderly: symptoms, causes, and treatment

Mood disorders, such as anxiety, depression in older adults, and phobias, are common reasons for consultation. Sometimes depression in older adults stems from an unexplained sadness that harms the body as a whole, affecting mood and psyche.

As we age, we can experience many changes, such as health problems, dependency, the death of loved ones, or retirement. This is a medical problem that affects the elderly person's daily life, altering their emotional state. Although it's true that this decline is a normal part of aging.

Symptoms of depression in older adults are very common, as is the general loss of vitality. It's important to take good care of your diet , as depression is recognized by a lack of interest and energy.

The sad older adult appears tired and may avoid social activities due to the pessimism that can develop as they age.

Symptoms of depression in older people

Depression in older adults has a wide range of symptoms. In fact, if any of them have lasted at least two weeks, you may have depression.

1. Sad, anxious, or “empty” mood most of the day (irritability with children and adolescents) as well as in festive environments.
2. Loss of interest or pleasure in activities that were previously enjoyed (family gatherings, watching television, reading, or walking).
3. Unexplained fatigue, loss of energy , feeling like you're in "slow motion." Sleep patterns are out of control, and you feel like you want to escape.
4. Difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions. You may also feel distracted or in limbo.
5. Insomnia , waking up early, or excessive sleepiness. It's very common for older people to believe they can cure their mood by sleeping long hours.
6. Weight loss due to lack of appetite or weight gain due to fast food full of empty calories.
7. Recurring thoughts of abandonment, sadness, loneliness , or feeling like your life is over.
8. Physical symptoms such as headaches , heaviness, digestive disorders and other chronic ailments.

Causes of depression in older adults

The causes of depression in the elderly are due to a deficiency of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and norepinephrine. These substances, and their alterations, are the cause of sadness. Older adults need care and attention.

However, we must not forget all the psychosocial factors surrounding older adults that may have precipitated their illness. The death of a loved one, losing a job, or experiencing a physical condition can be the trigger, thus fostering a depressive state.

Some psychological structures are more prone to suffering from it, while others are better able to withstand life's challenges, managing to overcome the moment and learning how to deal with sadness without it affecting their overall health.

Prevention in the elderly

Depression in older adults goes beyond being in a bad mood or feeling down. It's important not only to learn to differentiate this health condition, but also to take into account the different moods and how these are part of life.

The first step would be to see a doctor (psychologist) for an initial evaluation. Here are some tips to help us prevent this condition:

• Healthy Eating : It's important to maintain a healthy diet for older adults to maximize their health, enhance their sense of well-being, and release hormones. A diet rich in antioxidants, found in fruits and vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids will maintain the balance necessary for a healthy body.

• Sleep well : Sleep is the body's main regenerator. After a long, restful night's sleep, older adults will have more energy and the ability to engage in various comforting activities.

• Maintaining Self-Esteem : A common belief among older adults is that it's no longer "necessary" to maintain their polished personal image. Getting out of bed, taking a bath, getting dressed, and grooming yourself will help you feel comfortable in your own skin.

• Spend time with your loved ones : Surrounding yourself with family and friends who share positive experiences and feedback is undoubtedly vital to avoiding depression in older adults. Having conversations that protect a person's mood keeps their body safe from potential depression.

• Distribute your day well : Doing smaller tasks throughout the day and avoiding large ones that cause physical or mental exhaustion can help restore mood and energy.

Treatment to cure depression

• Antidepressants : Thinking about how to cure this depression without putting the person at risk is a good idea. Although they can have good results, people over 65 should be cautious when taking medications due to the risk of interactions and adverse effects caused by mixing them with other substances derived from other medications.

• Talk Therapy : It can be an effective treatment for depression in older adults. Understanding and developing a new way of thinking and changing certain habits can help improve emotional state and resolve difficult situations. This therapy, known as "problem-solving therapy," is very useful for seniors.

• Complementary Therapies : Practicing activities tailored to the older adult's physical condition, such as yoga, low-impact exercises, nutritional supplements, Thai-Chii, reading, and crafts, can help. They offer countless benefits to people with depression. Physical activity is a fundamental part of managing this condition.

• Stimulate their memories : The best therapy, without a doubt, is to connect the elderly with the most precious moments of their lives: marriage, first pregnancy, childhood experiences, or historic moments that make them proud. Connecting with our surroundings is a foundation for the survival of the heart and thus feeling loved.

• Family Understanding : Family is a fundamental support during this stage. In old age, adults often feel vulnerable or dependent. Learning to listen to their feelings, understand them, and pay attention to their sadness helps them feel hopeful and motivated to live an old age filled with love and understanding for their loved ones.

This disease is very common among older people. It often occurs alongside Alzheimer's, so preventing and treating depression in older adults is essential.

Have you ever wondered how dependent your family member is? We invite you to read about the levels of dependency in older adults: what they are like, and how to deal with them.